Advantages of pile foundations on heaving soils

• Resistance to soil heaving

Heaving soils expand when they freeze and contract when they thaw, which can cause foundation heave and displacement. Pile foundations penetrate the heaving soil layer and rest on more stable and dense layers located below the frost line. This ensures structural stability and stability, as the foundation is not directly exposed to heaving.

• Deep pile embedment

Pile foundations can be installed at significant depths, allowing them to reach soil layers with high bearing capacity. This is especially important on heaving soils, where the upper soil layers do not provide the necessary stability. Deep piles distribute the building load onto dense soil layers, providing a secure foundation.

• Uniform load distribution

Pile foundations evenly distribute the building load onto the soil, preventing uneven settlement and deformation. This is especially important in heaving soils, where uneven heaving can lead to distortions and cracks in the structure. The piles act as supports, ensuring stability and uniform load distribution.

• Minimal excavation work

Unlike strip and slab foundations, pile foundations require minimal excavation. This reduces the amount of excavation work and reduces the risk of additional problems associated with changes in soil moisture. Furthermore, pile installation can be performed even in difficult areas with limited access.

• High installation speed

Pile foundations can be installed in a short period of time, which is especially important when constructing in adverse weather conditions. Specialized equipment allows for quick and accurate pile installation, speeding up the overall construction process. This also reduces the risks associated with project delays.

• Resistance to high groundwater levels

In areas with high groundwater levels, pile foundations are the optimal solution. They prevent foundation heave and cracking, ensuring structural stability even at high water levels. This is especially important for heaving soils, which can become saturated with water and lose their bearing capacity.

Types of Piles for Heaving Soils

Screw Piles. Screw piles are steel pipes with blades at the lower end that are screwed into the ground.

Advantages:

• Easy and quick to install.

• Can be installed in any weather conditions.

• High bearing capacity.

Screw piles are ideal for light and medium-sized structures, such as residential buildings, outbuildings, and timber structures.

Bored Piles. Bored piles are created by drilling holes that are then filled with concrete and reinforcement.

Advantages:

• High bearing capacity.

• Can be installed to great depths.

• Resistant to heaving and high groundwater levels.

Suitable for heavy and massive structures, such as multi-story buildings and industrial structures.

Driven Piles. Driven piles are prefabricated concrete or steel piles that are driven into the ground using specialized equipment.

Advantages:

• High strength and durability.

• Suitable for use in difficult soil conditions.

• Quick installation.

Ideal for large projects requiring high load-bearing capacity and stability.

Construction on heaving soils requires a special approach and careful selection of the foundation type. Screw and bored piles, strip foundations set below the frost line, slab foundations, and foundations on a pad of non-heaving materials—all these options can be effective with proper design and installation. Conducting geological surveys, considering climatic conditions, and using high-quality materials will help ensure the reliability and durability of your foundation.